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How is Economic Uncertainty Shaping Consumerism Today?

From tariff policy and interest rates to inflation and market fluctuation, economic uncertainty is pervasive and growing.
What does it all mean for consumers – their habits, attitudes, fears and priorities? And what are the implications for brands seeking to engage with them?
Through Online Anthropology, Material Spotlight and cultural insights, Material’s ongoing content series uncovers the human impact of economic uncertainty – and how brands can respond.
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KEY FINDINGS AS OF AUGUST 21, 2025

Consumers are adapting to persistent uncertainty

Material’s research shows that U.S. consumers are still price-wary and dug in. Budgeting talk is persistently high; confidence slipped in early August alongside a jump in tariff and uncertainty chatter; inflation and job-loss concerns are creeping back in, though outright economic anxiety is not rising.

Budgeting discussions remain

20% Material+

over the 30-month average

Inflation concerns are up

20% Material+

since May

Consumer confidence fell

9% Material+

from July to early August

What’s next?

What can brands do during times of uncertainty? It begins with gathering insights into consumers’ behavior, motivations and sensitivities. These findings, for example, suggest consumers are adapting to their economic situations, not panicking. They’ve emotionally plateaued and have moved from high anxiety to normalizing defensive behaviors like budgeting. Being able to meet your customers where they are is the first step to engagement and loyalty, regardless of economic uncertainty.

Have Questions About Shifting Consumer Behavior & What it Means for Your Brand?